{"id":131,"date":"2024-08-09T05:30:00","date_gmt":"2024-08-09T05:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lareb.in\/wp\/2024\/08\/09\/%d8%a7%d9%88%d8%af%da%be-%d9%85%db%8c%da%ba-%d9%81%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%b3%db%8c-%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%ae-%d9%86%da%af%d8%a7%d8%b1%db%8c-%da%a9%db%8c-%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%a7%db%8c%d8%aa%d8%8c-%d9%85%d8%b6\/"},"modified":"2024-08-09T05:30:00","modified_gmt":"2024-08-09T05:30:00","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%88%d8%af%da%be-%d9%85%db%8c%da%ba-%d9%81%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%b3%db%8c-%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%ae-%d9%86%da%af%d8%a7%d8%b1%db%8c-%da%a9%db%8c-%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%a7%db%8c%d8%aa%d8%8c-%d9%85%d8%b6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/urducouncil.nic.in\/ncpulblog\/2024\/08\/09\/%d8%a7%d9%88%d8%af%da%be-%d9%85%db%8c%da%ba-%d9%81%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%b3%db%8c-%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%ae-%d9%86%da%af%d8%a7%d8%b1%db%8c-%da%a9%db%8c-%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%a7%db%8c%d8%aa%d8%8c-%d9%85%d8%b6\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0648\u062f\u06be \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u0646\u06af\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u06cc \u0631\u0648\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0636\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u06af\u0627\u0631 :\u0627\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646"},"content":{"rendered":"

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<\/a><\/div>\n

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\u062a\u0644\u062e\u06cc\u0635<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

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\u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u0646\u06af\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0631\u06cc\u0632\u06cc \u0627\u0641\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u06cc \u0628\u06be\u06cc \u062f\u0644\u0686\u0633\u067e\u06cc \u06a9\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0631\u06c1\u0627 \u06c1\u06d2 \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0648\u062c\u06c1 \u0633\u06d2 \u0627\u0646\u06be\u0648\u06ba \u0646\u06d2 \u0645\u0648\u0654\u0631\u062e\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u06cc \u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u06c1 \u062d\u0648\u0635\u0644\u06c1 \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u0626\u06cc \u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0633 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0639\u0648\u0636 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648 \u0627\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0633\u06d2 \u0628\u06be\u06cc \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0627\u06d4 \u0645\u0631\u0632\u0627 \u0627\u0628\u0648\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0635\u0641\u06c1\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0646\u06d2 1797 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u06a9\u067e\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0686\u0631\u0688\u0633\u0646(<\/span>Captain Richardson) <\/span>\u06a9\u06d2 \u0627\u06cc\u0645\u0627 \u067e\u0631\u2019 \u062a\u0641\u0636\u06cc\u062d \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0641\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u2018 \u062a\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0641 \u06a9\u06cc\u06d4 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u06a9\u0648\u06cc\u0633 \u0627\u0653\u0641  <\/span>\u06c1\u0633\u0679\u0646\u06af\u0632(<\/span>Marquis of Hastings) <\/span>\u06a9\u06d21230\u06be\/ 1815 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0633\u0641\u0631\u06a9\u0644\u06a9\u062a\u06c1 \u0648 \u0644\u06a9\u06be\u0646\u0648\u0654 \u06a9\u0648 \u0628\u06be\u06cc \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u06a9\u06cc\u0627 \u06af\u06cc\u0627 \u062a\u06be\u0627 \u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u0646 \u0627\u0633 \u0633\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u06d2 \u06a9\u0627 \u0633\u0631\u0627\u063a \u0646\u06c1\u06cc\u06ba \u0645\u0644\u062a\u0627\u06d4 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0646\u06d2 \u0627\u0688\u0648\u0631\u0688 \u067e\u06cc\u062c\u0679 (<\/span>Edward Paget) <\/span>\u06a9\u06d2 1833 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0633\u0641\u0631 \u0644\u06a9\u06be\u0646\u0648\u0654 \u06a9\u06cc \u0631\u0648\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0628\u06c1 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u2019\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u062d\u06cc\u062f\u0631\u06cc\u2018 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u06a9\u06cc \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0646\u06d2 \u0644\u06cc\u0641\u0679\u06cc\u0646\u0646\u0679 \u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0688\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0644 \u0634\u06cc\u06a9\u0633\u067e\u06cc\u0626\u0631 (<\/span>Lieutenant John Doeswell Shakespear) <\/span>\u06a9\u06cc \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u06c1\u0634 \u2019\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u062f\u0644\u067e\u0630\u06cc\u0631\u2018 \u06a9\u0648 1250\u06be\/ 1834-35\u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0645\u06a9\u0645\u0644 \u06a9\u06cc\u0627\u06d4 \u06a9\u0631\u0646\u0644 \u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0648 (<\/span>Colonel John Low) <\/span>\u06a9\u06d2 \u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631\u06d2 \u067e\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u06cc \u0646\u06cc\u0634\u0627\u067e\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0646\u06d2 1254\u06be\/ 1838 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u2019\u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u0634\u0627\u06c1\u06cc\u06c1 \u0646\u06cc\u0634\u0627\u067e\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u06c1\u2018 \u0644\u06a9\u06be\u06cc\u06d4\u0645\u0630\u06a9\u0648\u0631\u06c1 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u06a9\u06d2 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u06c1 \u0628\u06be\u06cc \u06a9\u0686\u06be \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645 \u0648 \u0645\u0646\u062b\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u06c1\u06cc\u06ba \u062c\u0646 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0633\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0641\u060c \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u0627 \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u0627 \u06a9\u0686\u06be \u067e\u062a\u0627 \u0646\u06c1\u06cc\u06ba \u0686\u0644\u062a\u0627\u06d4 <\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

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<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>9        <\/span>\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u06cc\u0631: \u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u0626\u0628\u0631\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0631\u0627\u0645\u067e\u0648\u0631 \u06a9\u06cc \u0641\u06c1\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0645\u0648\u0654\u0644\u0641 \u06a9\u0627 \u0646\u0627\u0645  <\/span>\u2019\u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u06c1\u2018 \u062f\u0631\u062c \u06c1\u06d2 \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u06cc\u06c1 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0639\u0644\u06cc \u0634\u0627\u06c1 (\u062d\u06a9: 1847 \u062a\u0627 1856) \u06a9\u06d2 \u0639\u06c1\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0644\u06a9\u06be\u06cc \u06af\u0626\u06cc \u062a\u06be\u06cc\u06d4 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u067e\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u06c1\u06d2\u061b \u067e\u06c1\u0644\u06d2 \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u06c1\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0642\u062f\u06cc\u0645 \u0639\u06c1\u062f \u06a9\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0633\u0631\u06d2 \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u062f\u06c1\u0644\u06cc \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u063a\u0644\u06cc\u06c1 \u0639\u06c1\u062f \u06a9\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u062f\u0631\u062c \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 7\u060e<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>10      <\/span>\u0632\u06cc\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u06c1\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u0627 \u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u06cc\u0627 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0644\u06c3 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u06cc\u0631: \u0627\u0633 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0645\u0648\u0654\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u062c\u0627\u06c1 \u0645\u0631\u0632\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0644\u06a9 \u0627\u0644\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0634\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u06c1\u06cc\u06ba\u06d4 \u0632\u06cc\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0686\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u067e\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u06c1\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u06a9\u0648 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u062d\u0635\u0648\u06ba \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u062a\u0642\u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u06cc\u0627 \u06af\u06cc\u0627 \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u067e\u06c1\u0644\u06d2 \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u06c1\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627 \u0633\u06d2 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0637\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u06c1\u0644\u06cc \u062a\u06a9 \u062f\u0631\u062c \u06c1\u06d2 \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0633  <\/span>\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u06a9\u0648 \u062a\u06cc\u0646 \u062d\u0635\u0648\u06ba \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u062a\u0642\u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u06cc\u0627 \u06af\u06cc\u0627 \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u062f\u0648\u0633\u0631\u06d2 \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0645\u063a\u0644\u0648\u06ba \u06a9\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u0628\u06c1\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0627\u06c1 \u0638\u0641\u0631 (\u062d\u06a9: 1837 \u062a\u0627 1857) \u06a9\u06d2 \u0639\u06c1\u062f \u062a\u06a9 \u062f\u0631\u062c \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u06a9\u0648 18 \u062d\u0635\u0648\u06ba \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u062a\u0642\u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u06cc\u0627 \u06af\u06cc\u0627 \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u062a\u06cc\u0633\u0631\u06d2 \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0627\u0648\u062f\u06be \u06a9\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u0648\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0639\u0644\u06cc \u0634\u0627\u06c1 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0639\u06c1\u062f \u062a\u06a9\u060c 12 \u062d\u0635\u0648\u06ba \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u06cc \u06af\u0626\u06cc \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u0627\u0653\u062e\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0645\u0648\u0654\u0644\u0641 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0639\u06c1\u062f \u06a9\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e 54\u062d\u0635\u0648\u06ba \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u06cc \u06af\u0626\u06cc \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u0632\u06cc\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 1310\u06be\/ 1893 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0686\u0627\u067e \u0633\u0646\u06af\u06cc \u06a9\u06cc \u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0628\u0645\u0628\u0626\u06cc \u0633\u06d2 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u06c1\u0648\u0626\u06cc \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u0633\u0627\u0644 2021 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0645\u06c1\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u06a9\u0628\u0631\u06cc \u0646\u06d2 \u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0627\u0633 \u06a9\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0642\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0628\u06be\u06cc \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u06a9\u06cc\u0627 \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 8\u060e<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e   <\/span><\/span><\/b><\/o:p><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>1        <\/span>\u0639\u0632\u0645 \u062d\u06cc\u062f\u0631\u06cc: \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0634\u062c\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u06c1 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0639\u06c1\u062f \u06a9\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u06c1\u06d2 \u062c\u0633\u06d2 1189\u06be \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u062a\u062d\u0631\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u06cc\u0627 \u06af\u06cc\u0627 \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0634\u062c\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u06c1 \u06a9\u06cc \u0646\u0633\u0628\u062a \u0633\u06d2 \u06cc\u06c1 \u2019\u0639\u0632\u0645 \u062d\u06cc\u062f\u0631\u06cc\u2018 \u0633\u06d2 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u06a9\u06cc\u0627 \u06af\u06cc\u0627\u06d4 \u0627\u0633 \u06a9\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0654\u0644\u0641 \u0646\u0627\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u062d\u06cc\u062f\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u06a9 \u0642\u0644\u0645\u06cc \u0646\u0633\u062e\u06c1 \u067e\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0628 \u06cc\u0648\u0646\u06cc\u0648\u0631\u0633\u0679\u06cc \u0644\u0627\u0626\u0628\u0631\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0644\u0627\u06c1\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0628\u06c1 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06c1 <\/span>H-38\/7778<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> \u0645\u062d\u0641\u0648\u0638 \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 <\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>2        <\/span>\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0634\u062c\u0627\u0639\u06cc: \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0634\u062c\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u06c1 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0639\u06c1\u062f \u06a9\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u06c1\u06d2 \u062c\u0633\u06d2 1193\u06be\/ 1779-80 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u062a\u062d\u0631\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u06cc\u0627 \u06af\u06cc\u0627 \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0634\u062c\u0627\u0639\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u06c1\u060c \u062a\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u06a9 \u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u06d2 \u067e\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u0627\u0633 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u06a9\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u06a9 \u0642\u0644\u0645\u06cc \u0646\u0633\u062e\u06c1 \u0627\u0679\u0648\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0644\u062c (<\/span>Eton College) <\/span>\u06a9\u06d2 \u06a9\u062a\u0628 \u062e\u0627\u0646\u06d2 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0628\u06c1 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06c1 197 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0634\u062c\u0627\u0639\u06cc \u06a9\u06d2 \u062f\u0648\u0633\u0631\u06d2 \u0642\u0644\u0645\u06cc \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0648\u06ba \u06a9\u0627 \u0633\u0631\u0627\u063a \u0646\u06c1\u06cc\u06ba \u0645\u0644\u062a\u0627\u06d49\u060e<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>3        <\/span> \u0627\u0648\u0635\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0653\u0635\u0641: \u0645\u0646\u0634\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u06cc \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062e\u0631\u0645 \u0634\u0627\u06c1 \u06a9\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0641 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u06c1 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u06cc \u0646\u06d2 \u0627\u0653\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0627\u0633\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u06c1 \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0644\u062f\u06cc\u0646 \u062d\u06cc\u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0646 (\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0648\u0644: 1750)\u06a9\u06cc \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0637\u062a \u0633\u06d2 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0646 \u0635\u0641\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0646\u06af \u06a9\u06cc \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u06cc\u0628\u0627\u064b\u062f\u0633 \u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0633\u0631\u067e\u0631\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u0634\u0627\u06c1\u062c\u06c1\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0653\u0628\u0627\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0628\u0633\u0631 \u06a9\u06cc\u06d2\u06d4 \u0627\u0633 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0634\u062c\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u06c1 \u06a9\u06cc \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u06cc\u06d4 \u0627\u0653\u062e\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0648\u06c1 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u062a \u0633\u06d2 \u0633\u0628\u06a9\u062f\u0648\u0634 \u06c1\u0648\u0626\u06d2 \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u067e\u0646\u06d2 \u0648\u0637\u0646 \u0628\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0648\u0679 \u06af\u0626\u06d2\u06d4  <\/span><\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0648\u0635\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0653\u0635\u0641 1199\u06be \/ 1785\u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0645\u06a9\u0645\u0644 \u06c1\u0648\u0626\u06cc\u06d4\u06cc\u06c1 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u067e\u0627\u0646\u0686 \u0631\u06a9\u0646 \u067e\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u0686\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u06a9\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba  <\/span>\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u06cc \u0627\u0648\u062f\u06be \u06a9\u06d2 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0648\u06ba \u06a9\u06d2 \u0639\u06c1\u062f \u06a9\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u06cc \u06af\u0626\u06cc \u06c1\u06d2 \u06cc\u0639\u0646\u06cc \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0631\u06c1\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u06a9 \u0633\u0639\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0639\u0644\u06cc \u062e\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0639\u06c1\u062f \u0633\u06d2 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0653\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u06c1 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0639\u06c1\u062f \u06a9\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e (1722 \u062a\u0627 1784) \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u06cc \u06af\u0626\u06cc \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u0627\u0653\u062e\u0631\u06cc \u0631\u06a9\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0648\u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u06cc \u062e\u0627\u0646 (\u062d\u06a9: 1797 \u062a\u0627 1798) \u06a9\u06d2 \u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0645 \u0634\u0627\u06c1\u0632\u0627\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u067e\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0634\u0646\u06cc \u0688\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u06af\u0626\u06cc \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 <\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0648\u0635\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0653\u0635\u0641 \u067e\u0627\u0646\u0686 \u062c\u0644\u062f\u0648\u06ba \u067e\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u06cc\u06a9 \u0636\u062e\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u06be\u06cc \u062c\u0633 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0645\u06a9\u0627\u062a\u06cc\u0628\u060c \u062d\u06a9\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u060c \u063a\u0632\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u063a\u06cc\u0631\u06c1 \u06a9\u0648 \u0628\u06be\u06cc \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u06a9\u06cc\u0627 \u06af\u06cc\u0627 \u062a\u06be\u0627 \u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u0646 \u06cc\u06c1 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0631\u062f \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06c1 \u0633\u06d2 \u0645\u062d\u0641\u0648\u0638 \u0646\u06c1 \u0631\u06c1 \u0633\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0633 \u06a9\u06cc \u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u06cc\u06a9 \u062c\u0644\u062f \u0645\u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u06c1 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u0627\u0648\u062f\u06be\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0642\u06cc \u0631\u06c1 \u06af\u0626\u06cc \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u0627\u0648\u0635\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0653\u0635\u0641 \u06a9\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u06c1\u0645 \u0642\u0644\u0645\u06cc \u0646\u0633\u062e\u06c1 <\/span>OR:1707<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> \u0645\u0648\u0654\u0631\u062e\u06c1 1850 \u0628\u0631\u0679\u0634 \u0645\u06cc\u0648\u0632\u06cc\u0645 \u0644\u0627\u0626\u0628\u0631\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0645\u062d\u0641\u0648\u0638 \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u06cc\u06c1 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u06c1 \u0627\u0633 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0638 \u0633\u06d2 \u06a9\u0627\u0641\u06cc \u0627\u06c1\u0645\u06cc\u062a \u06a9\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u06c1\u06d2 \u06a9\u06c1 \u0627\u0633 \u06a9\u06cc \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u06d2 \u0633\u06d2 \u06a9\u06cc \u06af\u0626\u06cc \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u0627\u06cc\u06a9 \u062f\u0648\u0633\u0631\u0627 \u0642\u0644\u0645\u06cc \u0646\u0633\u062e\u06c1 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06c1: 1230\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0644\u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0653\u0632\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0631\u0628\u06a9 \u067e\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u06cc\u0633\u0631\u0686 \u0627\u0646\u0633\u0679\u06cc \u0679\u06cc\u0648\u0679 \u0679\u0648\u0646\u06a9 \u06a9\u06d2 \u06a9\u062a\u0628 \u062e\u0627\u0646\u06d2 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u06c1\u06d2\u06d410\u060e<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>4        <\/span>\u062a\u0641\u0636\u06cc\u062d \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0641\u0644\u06cc\u0646 \u06cc\u0627 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u0627\u0653\u0635\u0641\u06cc: \u0645\u0631\u0632\u0627 \u0627\u0628\u0648\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0635\u0641\u06c1\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0641\u0631\u0632\u0646\u062f \u062d\u0627\u062c\u06cc \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u06cc\u06af \u062e\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u06d2 \u0627\u0633 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u06a9\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0641 \u06a9\u0648 \u06a9\u067e\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0686\u0631\u0688\u0633\u0646 (<\/span>Captain Richardson) <\/span>\u06a9\u06cc \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0634 \u067e\u0631 1211\u06be\/ 1796-97 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u062a\u062d\u0631\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u06cc\u0627\u06d4 1965 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0639\u0627\u0628\u062f \u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0628\u06cc\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u06d2 \u0627\u0633 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u06a9\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0642\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u06a9\u06cc\u0627 \u06c1\u06d2 \u0627\u0648\u0631 1968 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0688\u0627\u06a9\u0679\u0631 \u062b\u0631\u0648\u062a \u0639\u0644\u06cc \u0646\u06d2 \u0627\u0633 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u06a9\u0627 \u0627\u0631\u062f\u0648 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u06c1 \u062f\u06c1\u0644\u06cc \u0633\u06d2 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u06a9\u06cc\u0627\u06c1\u06d2\u06d4<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0633\u06cc- \u0627\u06d2- \u0627\u0633\u0679\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u06d2 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u062a\u0641\u0636\u06cc\u062d \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0641\u0644\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0633\u0627\u0631\u06d2 \u0642\u0644\u0645\u06cc \u0646\u0633\u062e \u062a\u0644\u0641 \u06c1\u0648\u06af\u0626\u06d2 \u062a\u06be\u06d2\u06d4 \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0633\u06d2 \u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0645 \u06c1\u0648\u06d2 (<\/span>William Hoey) <\/span>\u06a9\u0648 \u0627\u064f\u0646\u0651\u0627\u0648 \u0634\u06c1\u0631 \u06a9\u06d2 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0633\u062a \u0639\u0644\u06cc \u0686\u0648\u062f\u06be\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u06d2 \u06a9\u062a\u0628 \u062e\u0627\u0646\u06d2 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0627\u0633 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0642\u0644\u0645\u06cc \u0646\u0633\u062e\u06d2 \u062f\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a \u06c1\u0648\u0626\u06d2 \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u06be\u0648\u06ba \u0646\u06d2\u2019<\/span>History of Asafud Daulah Nawab Wazir of Awadh\u2018  <\/span><\/span>\u06a9\u06d2 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u06d2 \u0627\u0633 \u06a9\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0631\u06cc\u0632\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u06c11885\u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0627\u0644\u06c1 \u0627\u0653\u0628\u0627\u062f \u0633\u06d2 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u06a9\u06cc\u0627\u06d4 \u0641\u06c1\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0648\u06ba \u06a9\u06d2 \u0630\u0631\u06cc\u0639\u06d2 \u062a\u0641\u0636\u06cc\u062d \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0641\u0644\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u06d2 \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u062a\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0648\u06ba \u06a9\u06cc \u062e\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u062a\u06cc \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u067e\u06c1\u0644\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u06c1\u060c \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06c1 1241\u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u0626\u0628\u0631\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0631\u0627\u0645\u067e\u0648\u0631 \u06a9\u06cc \u0641\u06c1\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u062f\u0631\u062c \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u062f\u0648\u0633\u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u06c1 \u062c\u0648 \u06a9\u06c1 \u0646\u0627\u0642\u0635 \u06c1\u06d2\u060c \u0635\u0648\u0644\u062a \u067e\u0628\u0644\u06a9 \u0644\u0627\u0626\u0628\u0631\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0631\u0627\u0645\u067e\u0648\u0631 \u06a9\u06cc \u0645\u0644\u06a9\u06cc\u062a \u06c1\u06d2 \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u06cc\u0633\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0653\u0632\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0631\u0628\u06a9 \u067e\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u06cc\u0633\u0631\u0686 \u0627\u0646\u0633\u0679\u06cc \u0679\u06cc\u0648\u0679 \u0679\u0648\u0646\u06a9 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba\u060c \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06c1: 1232 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u06c1\u06d2\u06d411\u060e<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>5        <\/span>\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0627\u062f\u062a: \u06cc\u06c1 \u0645\u063a\u0644\u0648\u06ba \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0648\u062f\u06be \u06a9\u06cc \u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u06c1\u06d2 \u062c\u0633 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba 1218\u06be\/ 1803-04 \u062a\u06a9 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u06a9\u0627 \u0627\u062d\u0627\u0637\u06c1 \u06a9\u06cc\u0627 \u06af\u06cc\u0627 \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u0627\u0633 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0645\u0648\u0654\u0644\u0641 \u0633\u06cc\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u06cc \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0648\u06cc \u06c1\u06cc\u06ba \u062c\u0648 \u0627\u0631\u062f\u0628\u06cc\u0644 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0646\u062f\u06d2 \u062a\u06be\u06d2\u06d4 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 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\u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u0686\u0648\u062a\u06be\u06cc \u062c\u0644\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u06ba 1119\u06be \u0633\u06d2 1217\u06be1708 \u062a\u0627 1803 \u062a\u06a9 \u06a9\u06d2 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u06cc \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u06cc\u06d2 \u06af\u0626\u06d2 \u06c1\u06cc\u06ba\u06d4  <\/span><\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u0633\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u06a9\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0627\u062f\u062a \u06a9\u06d2 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u062f\u0648 \u0642\u0644\u0645\u06cc \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0648\u06ba \u06a9\u0627 \u0633\u0631\u0627\u063a \u0645\u0644\u0627 \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u067e\u06c1\u0644\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u06c1 \u0686\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u0644\u062f\u0648\u06ba \u067e\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u06c1\u06d2 \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0634\u06cc\u0627\u0679\u06a9 \u0633\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0679\u06cc \u0628\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0628\u06c1 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06c1 181 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u062f\u0648\u0633\u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u06c1 <\/span>OR:2057<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0679\u0634 \u0645\u06cc\u0648\u0632\u06cc\u0645 \u0644\u0627\u0626\u0628\u0631\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0645\u062d\u0641\u0648\u0638 \u06c1\u06d2\u06d412\u060e<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>6        <\/span>\u0639\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0627\u062f\u062a: 1223\u06be\/ 1808 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0633\u0639\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0639\u0644\u06cc \u062e\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u062c\u0646\u06af \u06a9\u06cc \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0634 \u067e\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u062f \u063a\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u06cc \u0631\u0636\u0648\u06cc \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0633\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u06a9\u0645\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0627\u062f\u062a \u06a9\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0641 \u067e\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u06c1\u0648\u0626\u06d2 \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u0645\u0627\u06c1 \u06a9\u06cc \u0642\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u062a \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u06cc\u06c1 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06c1\u0654 \u062a\u06a9\u0645\u06cc\u0644 \u06a9\u0648 \u067e\u06c1\u0646\u0686\u06cc\u06d4 \u0645\u0648\u0654\u0644\u0641 \u0646\u06d2 \u0627\u0633 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba 45 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u06a9\u06cc\u06d2 \u06c1\u06cc\u06ba \u062c\u0646 \u06a9\u06d2 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0648\u062f\u06be \u06a9\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0631\u06c1\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u06a9 \u0633\u0639\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0639\u0644\u06cc \u062e\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0639\u06c1\u062f \u0633\u06d2 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0633\u0639\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0639\u0644\u06cc \u062e\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u062c\u0646\u06af \u06a9\u06d2 \u0639\u06c1\u062f \u062a\u06a9 \u062f\u0631\u062c \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u0627\u0633 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u06a9\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u06c1 1216\u06be\/ 1801 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0633\u0639\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0639\u0644\u06cc \u062e\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u062c\u0646\u06af \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u06a9\u0648\u06cc\u0633 \u0648\u0644\u0632\u0644\u06cc (<\/span>Marquess Wellesley) <\/span>\u06a9\u06cc \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u067e\u0631 \u06c1\u0648\u062a\u0627 \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4  <\/span><\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

\u06a9\u0686\u06be \u0639\u0631\u0635\u06d2 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u063a\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u06cc \u062e\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u06d2 \u0627\u0633 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0636\u0645\u06cc\u0645\u06d2 \u06a9\u06cc \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0645\u06cc\u06ba 12 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0648\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0627 \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u06c1 \u06a9\u06cc\u0627 \u062a\u06be\u0627 \u062c\u0633\u06d2 \u06c1\u0646\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u0679 (<\/span>Henry Elliot) <\/span>\u0646\u06d2 \u0627\u067e\u0646\u06cc \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u2019<\/span>History of India as told by its own Historian\u2018 <\/span>\u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u063a\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u06cc \u062e\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u06cc \u062f\u0648\u0633\u0631\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0641 \u2019\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u06c1\u0654 \u06c1\u0646\u062f\u2018 \u06a9\u0627 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u06cc\u0627 \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u0638\u0627\u06c1\u0631\u0627\u064b \u06cc\u06c1 \u0627\u06cc\u06a9 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u062d \u06c1\u06d2 \u06a9\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u06a9\u06c1 \u06cc\u06c1 \u062d\u0635\u06c1 \u0639\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0627\u062f\u062a \u06a9\u0627 \u0636\u0645\u06cc\u0645\u06c1 \u06c1\u06d2 \u0646\u06c1 \u06a9\u06c1 \u0627\u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u0644\u06af \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628\u06d4 \u067e\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0628 \u06cc\u0648\u0646\u06cc\u0648\u0631\u0633\u0679\u06cc \u0644\u0627\u0626\u0628\u0631\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u06d2 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u06d2 \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0644 \u06a9\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0633\u0646\u06af\u06cc \u0646\u0633\u062e\u06d2 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0628\u06be\u06cc \u06cc\u06c1 \u062d\u0635\u06c1 \u0636\u0645\u06cc\u0645\u06c1 \u06a9\u06cc \u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0646\u0627 \u067e\u0631 \u06cc\u06c1 \u06a9\u06c1\u0627 \u062c\u0627 \u0633\u06a9\u062a\u0627 \u06c1\u06d2 \u06a9\u06c1 \u0627\u0633 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0627\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u0679 \u0633\u06d2 \u062e\u0637\u0627 \u0633\u0631\u0632\u062f \u06c1\u0648\u0626\u06cc \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4  <\/span><\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0639\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639 \u0646\u0648\u0644 \u06a9\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0633\u06d2 1864 \u0627\u0648\u0631 1897 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0686\u0627\u067e \u0633\u0646\u06af\u06cc \u06a9\u06cc \u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u06c1\u0648 \u0686\u06a9\u06cc \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u062e\u062f\u0627\u0628\u062e\u0634 \u0644\u0627\u0626\u0628\u0631\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0627\u0633 \u06a9\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u06c1\u0645 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u06c1 \u0645\u0648\u0654\u0631\u062e\u06c1 1223\u06be \u0628\u06c1 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06c1 157 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u0627\u0633 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u06d2 \u06a9\u06cc \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0654\u0644\u0641 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06d2 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u06a9\u06cc \u06af\u0626\u06cc \u06c1\u06d2 \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0633 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0638 \u0633\u06d2 \u06cc\u06c1 \u0639\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0627\u062f\u062a \u06a9\u0627 \u0642\u062f\u06cc\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u06c1 \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 13\u060e<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>7        <\/span>\u06af\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u06c1\u0654 \u0645\u062d\u0628\u062a: \u0627\u0633 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u06d2 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u06d2 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0633\u06d2 \u06cc\u06c1 \u06af\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u06cc\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u062a\u0627 \u06c1\u06d2 \u06a9\u06c1 \u06cc\u06c1 8 \u0627\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u067e\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u06cc \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u06c1 \u06c1\u06d2 \u062c\u0633\u06d2 \u0642\u0627\u0636\u06cc \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642 \u062e\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631 \u0646\u06d2 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u06cc\u0627 \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u0627\u0633 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u06d2 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0645\u0627\u0631\u06a9\u0648\u06cc\u0633 \u0627\u0653\u0641 \u06c1\u0633\u0679\u0646\u06af\u0632 (<\/span>Marquis of Hastings) <\/span>\u06a9\u06d2 1230\u06be\/ 1815 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0633\u0641\u0631 \u06a9\u0644\u06a9\u062a\u06c1 \u0648 \u0644\u06a9\u06be\u0646\u0648\u0654\u060c \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u063a\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0627\u0644\u062f\u06cc\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u06cc\u062f\u0631 (\u062d\u06a9: 1814 \u062a\u0627 1827) \u0633\u06d2 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u06cc \u0631\u0648\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u06cc \u06af\u0626\u06cc \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0633 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0645\u062a\u0636\u0627\u062f \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0635\u0644 \u06cc\u06c1 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u06a9\u0648\u06cc\u0633 \u0627\u0653\u0641 \u06c1\u0633\u0679\u0646\u06af\u0632 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0627\u0648\u0635\u0627\u0641 \u062d\u0645\u06cc\u062f\u06c1 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u06cc \u062d\u06a9\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u06a9\u06d2 \u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u067e\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u06a9\u0633\u06cc \u0648\u062c\u06c1 \u0633\u06d2 \u0645\u062d\u0642\u0642\u06cc\u0646 \u062d\u0636\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u06d2 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0645\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0637\u06d2 \u06a9\u0627 \u0634\u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u06c1\u0648\u0626\u06d2 \u06c1\u06cc\u06ba \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u06d2 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u06a9\u0648\u06cc\u0633 \u0627\u0653\u0641 \u06c1\u0633\u0679\u0646\u06af\u0632 \u06a9\u0627 \u0633\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u06c1 \u0633\u0645\u062c\u06be \u0628\u06cc\u0679\u06be\u06d2 \u06c1\u06cc\u06ba\u06d4 <\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0628\u06c1\u0631\u062d\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0644\u0648\u06cc \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u06cc \u0646\u06d2 \u0627\u067e\u0646\u06d2 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u06d2 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0627\u0633 \u0633\u0641\u0631 \u0633\u06d2 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u06cc\u0645\u06cc\u0644\u06cc \u0679\u06be\u0627\u06a9\u0631\u06d2 (<\/span>Emilie Thackeray)<\/span>\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u06a9 \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0636 \u06a9\u0627 \u0630\u06a9\u0631 \u06a9\u06cc\u0627 \u06c1\u06d2 \u062c\u0633 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0645\u0627\u0631\u06a9\u0648\u06cc\u0633 \u0627\u0653\u0641 \u06c1\u0633\u0679\u0646\u06af\u0632 \u06a9\u06d2 \u06c1\u0648\u06af\u0644\u06cc \u0633\u06d2 \u0644\u06a9\u06be\u0646\u0648\u0654 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0633\u0641\u0631 \u06a9\u06cc \u0631\u0648\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u06cc \u06af\u0626\u06cc \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u0627\u06d2 \u0627\u06d2 \u0627\u0631\u0648\u06cc\u0646 (<\/span>A. A. Irvine)  <\/span><\/span>\u0646\u06d2 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u06c1 <\/span>The National Review<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> \u062c\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0626\u06cc 1924 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0627\u0633 \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0636 \u06a9\u06cc \u062a\u0644\u062e\u06cc\u0635 \u0628\u06be\u06cc \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u06a9\u06cc \u062a\u06be\u06cc\u06d4 \u0631\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u0633\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u06a9\u0648 \u0627\u0633 \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0636 \u06a9\u0627 \u06a9\u0648\u0626\u06cc \u0633\u0631\u0627\u063a \u0646\u06c1\u06cc\u06ba \u0645\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u06c1 \u06c1\u06cc \u0645\u062c\u0644\u06c1 <\/span>The National Review<\/span>\u06a9\u06d2 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06d2 \u062a\u06a9 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0626\u06cc \u06c1\u0648 \u0633\u06a9\u06cc\u06d4 \u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0644\u0648\u06cc \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u06cc \u0646\u06d2 \u0627\u067e\u0646\u06d2 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u06d2 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0627\u0633 \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0636 \u06a9\u06d2 \u06a9\u0686\u06be \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u06c1 \u0634\u062f\u06c1 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u06a9\u06cc\u06d2 \u06c1\u06cc\u06ba \u062c\u0633 \u0633\u06d2 \u06cc\u06c1 \u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u06a9\u0645 \u06c1\u0648 \u062c\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u06c1\u06d2 \u06a9\u06c1 \u06cc\u06c1 \u0648\u06c1\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0636 \u06cc\u0627 \u0633\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u06c1 \u06c1\u06d2 \u062c\u0633\u06d2 \u06c1\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06d2 \u0645\u062d\u0642\u0642\u06cc\u0646 \u062d\u0636\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0646\u06d2 \u06af\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u06c1\u0654 \u0645\u062d\u0628\u062a \u0633\u0645\u062c\u06be \u0644\u06cc\u0627 \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u06af\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u06c1\u0654 \u0645\u062d\u0628\u062a  <\/span>1239\u06be\/ 1823 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u060c \u0644\u06a9\u06be\u0646\u0648\u0654 \u0633\u06d2 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u06c1\u0648 \u0686\u06a9\u06cc \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 14\u060e<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>8        <\/span>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u0641\u0631\u062d \u0628\u062e\u0634:\u06cc\u06c1 \u0641\u06cc\u0636 \u0627\u0653\u0628\u0627\u062f \u06a9\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u06c1\u06d2 \u062c\u0633\u06d2 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u06cc \u0641\u06cc\u0636 \u0628\u062e\u0634 \u06a9\u0627\u06a9\u0648\u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0646\u06d2 \u062a\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0641 \u06a9\u06cc\u0627 \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u0627\u0633 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba 1179\u06be \u0633\u06d2 1233\u06be  <\/span>(1766 \u062a\u06271818) \u062a\u06a9 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0627\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u062c \u06c1\u06cc\u06ba\u06d4 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u0641\u0631\u062d \u0628\u062e\u0634 \u06a9\u0648 \u062f\u0648 \u062d\u0635\u0648\u06ba \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u062a\u0642\u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u06cc\u0627 \u06af\u06cc\u0627 \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u062d\u0635\u06c1 \u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u063a\u0644\u0648\u06ba \u06a9\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u062a\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u06af \u0628\u0627\u062f\u0634\u0627\u06c1 \u0641\u0631\u062e \u0633\u06cc\u0631 (\u062d\u06a9: 1713 \u062a\u0627 1719) \u067e\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4\u062d\u0635\u06c1 \u062f\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0641\u06cc\u0636 \u0627\u0653\u0628\u0627\u062f \u06a9\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u060c \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0631\u06c1\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u06a9 \u0633\u0639\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0639\u0644\u06cc \u062e\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0639\u06c1\u062f \u0633\u06d2 \u0645\u0648\u0654\u0644\u0641 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06d2 \u062a\u06a9 \u06a9\u06d2 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u06cc \u0648 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0627\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0648 \u0642\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0646\u062f  <\/span>\u06a9\u06cc\u0627 \u06af\u06cc\u0627 \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u0641\u0631\u062d \u0628\u062e\u0634 \u06a9\u06d2 \u062f\u0648 \u0642\u0644\u0645\u06cc \u0646\u0633\u062e\u06d2 <\/span>OR:1015<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0648\u0631 <\/span>OR:1762<\/span>\u0628\u0631\u0679\u0634 \u0645\u06cc\u0648\u0632\u06cc\u0645 \u0644\u0627\u0626\u0628\u0631\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u06c1\u06cc\u06ba\u06d4 \u0627\u0653\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0644\u0630\u06a9\u0631 \u06a9\u06cc \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628\u062a 1247\u06be\/ 1831-32 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u06c1\u0648\u0626\u06cc \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0641\u06cc\u0633\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0631\u0636\u0648\u06cc \u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0628 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u06a9\u062a\u0628 \u062e\u0627\u0646\u06d2 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0628\u06be\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u0641\u0631\u062d \u0628\u062e\u0634 \u06a9\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u06a9 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u06c1 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u06be\u0627 \u062c\u0633\u06d2 \u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u0626\u0628\u0631\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0631\u0627\u0645\u067e\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u06a9\u0631 \u062f\u06cc\u0627 \u06af\u06cc\u0627\u06d4 \u0627\u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u06c1 \u0646\u0645\u0628\u0631 1237\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0653\u0632\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0631\u0628\u06a9 \u067e\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u06cc\u0633\u0631\u0686 \u0627\u0646\u0633\u0679\u06cc \u0679\u06cc\u0648\u0679 \u0679\u0648\u0646\u06a9 \u06a9\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0646\u062a \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4  <\/span><\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0645 \u06c1\u0648\u06d2 (<\/span>William Hoey) <\/span>\u06a9\u0648 \u0644\u06a9\u06be\u0646\u0648\u0654 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0627\u0633 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u06a9\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u06c1 \u0645\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u06be\u0627 \u062c\u0633\u06d2 \u0627\u0646\u06be\u0648\u06ba \u0646\u06d2 5 \u0631\u0648\u067e\u06cc\u06c1 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u062e\u0631\u06cc\u062f \u0644\u06cc\u0627 \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0679\u0634 \u0645\u06cc\u0648\u0632\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0648\u06ba \u0633\u06d2 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u06c1 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0633 \u06a9\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0631\u06cc\u0632\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u06c1 \u0628\u06c1 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u2019<\/span>Memoirs of Delhi and Faizabad\u2018 1888<\/span>\u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0627\u0644\u06c1 \u0627\u0653\u0628\u0627\u062f \u0633\u06d2 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u06a9\u06cc\u0627\u06d4 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0641\u06cc\u0633\u0631 \u0634\u0627\u06c1 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u06d2 2010\u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0646\u0633\u062e\u06c1\u0654 \u0631\u0627\u0645\u067e\u0648\u0631 \u06a9\u06cc \u0645\u062f\u062f \u0633\u06d2 \u0627\u0633 \u06a9\u0627 \u0627\u0631\u062f\u0648 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u06c1 \u06a9\u06cc\u0627 \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u06a9\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0633\u0627\u062a\u06be \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u06a9\u06cc\u0627\u06d415\u060e<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>9        <\/span>\u0631\u0648\u0632\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0686\u06c1 \u062f\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0641\u0631\u063a\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0627\u0644\u062f\u06cc\u0646 \u062d\u06cc\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u062f\u0634\u0627\u06c1 \u0627\u0648\u062f\u06be: \u06cc\u06c1 \u0631\u0648\u0632\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0686\u06c1 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u063a\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0627\u0644\u062f\u06cc\u0646 \u062d\u06cc\u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u06d2 \u062f\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0644\u06a9\u06be\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u062a\u0627 \u062a\u06be\u0627\u06d4 \u0627\u0633 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba  <\/span>1239\u06be\/ 1823-24 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c \u06c1\u06cc\u06ba\u06d4 \u0627\u0633 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0642\u0644\u0645\u06cc \u0646\u0633\u062e\u06d2 \u06a9\u062a\u0628 \u062e\u0627\u0646\u06c1 \u0627\u0653\u0635\u0641\u06cc\u06c1 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0628\u06c1 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06c1 704\u060c \u0646\u0633\u062e\u06c1 \u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0653\u0632\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0631\u0628\u06a9 \u067e\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u06cc\u0633\u0631\u0686 \u0627\u0646\u0633\u0679\u06cc \u0679\u06cc\u0648\u0679 \u0679\u0648\u0646\u06a9 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0628\u06c1 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06c1 1244 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u06c1\u06cc\u06ba\u06d4 16\u060e<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>10      <\/span> \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u062d\u06cc\u062f\u0631\u06cc: \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u06a9\u0627 \u062a\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0641 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u06c1 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u06cc \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u06c1 \u06c1\u06d2 \u062c\u0633 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0627\u0688\u0648\u0631\u0688 \u067e\u06cc\u062c\u0679 (<\/span>Edward Paget) <\/span>\u06a9\u06d2 \u0633\u0641\u0631 \u0644\u06a9\u06be\u0646\u0648\u0654 \u06a9\u06cc \u0631\u0648\u062f\u0627\u062f \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u0627\u0633 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u06d2 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba 10 \u062a\u0627 9 \u0635\u0641\u0631 1239\u06be (15 \u0627\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u0627 4 \u0646\u0648\u0645\u0628\u0631 1833) \u06a9\u06d2 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u062c \u06c1\u06cc\u06ba\u06d4\u0645\u0648\u0654\u0644\u0641 \u06a9\u06d2 \u062e\u0637 \u06a9\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u06a9 \u0642\u0644\u0645\u06cc \u0646\u0633\u062e\u06c1 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062c\u0646\u06af \u0645\u06cc\u0648\u0632\u06cc\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0628\u06c1 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06c1 442 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u062f\u0648\u0633\u0631 \u0627 \u0642\u0644\u0645\u06cc \u0646\u0633\u062e\u06c1 \u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0653\u0632\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0631\u0628\u06a9 \u067e\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u06cc\u0633\u0631\u0686 \u0627\u0646\u0633\u0679\u06cc \u0679\u06cc\u0648\u0679 \u0679\u0648\u0646\u06a9 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0628\u06c1 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06c1 1243 \u0645\u062d\u0641\u0648\u0638 \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 17\u060e<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>11      <\/span>\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u06c3\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e: \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u06c3\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u06cc \u0633\u0639\u06cc\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u06cc\u0644\u06cc \u0633\u0646\u0628\u06be\u0644\u06cc\u060c 1244\u06be\/ 1828-29 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0644\u06a9\u06be\u06cc \u06af\u0626\u06cc \u0627\u0648\u062f\u06be \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u0627\u0633 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u06a9\u06d2 \u0645\u0648\u0654\u0644\u0641 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u06d2 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u06a9\u06c1\u06cc\u06ba \u06a9\u0648\u0626\u06cc \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0646\u06c1\u06cc\u06ba \u0645\u0644\u062a\u06cc\u06d4 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0633\u06d2 \u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u067e\u062a\u0627 \u0686\u0644\u062a\u0627 \u06c1\u06d2 \u06a9\u06c1 \u0648\u06c1 \u0645\u0638\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u06c1 \u062a\u06c1\u0648\u0631\u062c\u0646\u06af \u06a9\u06d2 \u0627\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0644\u06a9 \u06a9\u06d2 \u062f\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06d2 \u0645\u0646\u0633\u0644\u06a9 \u062a\u06be\u0627\u06d4 \u0627\u0633 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u06a9\u06d2 \u067e\u06c1\u0644\u06d2 \u062d\u0635\u06d2 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0627\u0648\u062f\u06be \u06a9\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u060c \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0644\u062f\u06cc\u0646 \u062d\u06cc\u062f\u0631\u0634\u0627\u06c1 \u06a9\u06cc \u062d\u06a9\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u06a9\u06d2 \u062f\u0648\u0633\u0631\u06d2 \u0633\u0627\u0644 (1828) \u062a\u06a9 \u062f\u0631\u062c \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u062f\u0648\u0633\u0631\u06d2 \u062d\u0635\u06d2 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0646\u0627\u0638\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0627\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u06c1\u06cc\u06ba\u06d4 <\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u0633\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u06a9\u0648 \u0627\u0633 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u06cc\u06a9 \u06c1\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u06d2 \u06a9\u0627 \u067e\u062a\u0627 \u0686\u0644 \u0633\u06a9\u0627 \u06c1\u06d2 \u062c\u0648 \u067e\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0628 \u06cc\u0648\u0646\u06cc\u0648\u0631\u0633\u0679\u06cc \u0644\u0627\u0626\u0628\u0631\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0628\u06c1 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06c1 184 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 21 \u0627\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u067e\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u06cc\u06c1 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u06c1 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u06a9\u0627\u062a\u0628\u0648\u06ba \u06a9\u06d2 \u0630\u0631\u06cc\u0639\u06d2 \u062a\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u06cc\u0627 \u06af\u06cc\u0627 \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u06cc\u0645\u06c1 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u06a9\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0654\u0644\u0641 \u06a9\u0627 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0631\u062c \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 18\u060e<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>12      <\/span> \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u062f\u0644\u067e\u0630\u06cc\u0631:\u0627\u0632 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0632\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0644\u0648\u06cc \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u060c \u0628\u0627\u062f\u0634\u0627\u06c1 \u0628\u06cc\u06af\u0645 (\u0632\u0648\u062c\u06c1 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u063a\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0627\u0644\u062f\u06cc\u0646 \u062d\u06cc\u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0646) \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0634\u0627\u06c1 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u06ba \u06a9\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u0627\u0633 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0645\u0648\u0654\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062f 12 \u0633\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u06a9 \u0627\u06cc\u0633\u0679 \u0627\u0646\u0688\u06cc\u0627 \u06a9\u0645\u067e\u0646\u06cc \u06a9\u06d2 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0631\u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u0644\u06cc\u0641\u0679\u06cc\u0646\u0646\u0679 \u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0688\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0644 \u0634\u06cc\u06a9\u0633\u067e\u06cc\u0626\u0631 (<\/span>Lieutenant John Doeswell Shakespear) <\/span>\u06a9\u06cc \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0634 \u067e\u0631 \u0627\u0633 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u06a9\u0648 1250\u06be\/ 1834-35 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u062a\u062d\u0631\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u06cc\u0627\u06d4 \u0627\u0633 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u06d2 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u06c1\u06cc\u06ba\u06d4 \u06a9\u0686\u06be \u0627\u06c1\u0645 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u06cc \u062a\u0641\u0635\u06cc\u0644\u0627\u062a \u06cc\u06c1\u0627\u06ba \u062f\u0631\u062c \u06a9\u06cc \u062c\u0627 \u0631\u06c1\u06cc \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u0628\u0631\u0679\u0634 \u0645\u06cc\u0648\u0632\u06cc\u0645 \u0644\u0627\u0626\u0628\u0631\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u060c \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06c1 <\/span>OR:1781<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0654\u0631\u062e\u06c1 1266\u06be\u06d4 \u0646\u06cc\u0634\u0646\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u0648\u0632\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0686\u06cc\u060c \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06c1 449\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0654\u0631\u062e\u06c1 29 \u0635\u0641\u0631 1266\u06be\u06d4 \u06a9\u062a\u0628 \u062e\u0627\u0646\u06c1 \u0627\u0653\u0635\u0641\u06cc\u06c1\u060c \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06c11273\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0654\u0631\u062e\u06c1 1254\u06be\u06d4 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062c\u0646\u06af \u0645\u06cc\u0648\u0632\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06c1 460 \u0648 461\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0654\u0631\u062e\u06c1 1256\u06be\u06d4 \u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0653\u0632\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0631\u0628\u06a9 \u067e\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u06cc\u0633\u0631\u0686 \u0627\u0646\u0633\u0679\u06cc \u0679\u06cc\u0648\u0679 \u0679\u0648\u0646\u06a9\u060c \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06c1\u060c 242\u06d4 19\u060e<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

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<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>15      <\/span>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u0634\u0627\u06c1\u06cc\u06c1 \u0646\u06cc\u0634\u0627\u067e\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u06c1: \u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u06cc \u0646\u06cc\u0634\u0627\u067e\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0646\u06d2 \u06a9\u0631\u0646\u0644 \u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0648 (<\/span>Colonel John Low) <\/span>\u06a9\u06cc \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0634 \u067e\u0631 1254\u06be\/ 1838-39\u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0627\u0633 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u06a9\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u06cc\u0627\u06d4 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u0634\u0627\u06c1\u06cc\u06c1 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0631\u06c1\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u06a9 \u0633\u0639\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0639\u0644\u06cc \u062e\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0639\u06c1\u062f \u0633\u06d2 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u06cc \u0634\u0627\u06c1 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0639\u06c1\u062f \u062a\u06a9 \u06a9\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u062b\u0628\u062a \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u06c1 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u06d2 \u06a9\u0686\u06be \u0628\u0627\u062f\u0634\u0627\u06c1 \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u06a9\u0627 \u0630\u06a9\u0631 \u0628\u06be\u06cc \u0645\u0644\u062a\u0627 \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u0626\u0628\u0631\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0631\u0627\u0645\u067e\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0627\u0633 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u06a9\u0627 \u0642\u0644\u0645\u06cc \u0646\u0633\u062e\u06c1\u060c \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06c1: 2147 \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0653\u0632\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0631\u0628\u06a9 \u067e\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u06cc\u0633\u0631\u0686 \u0627\u0646\u0633\u0679\u06cc \u0679\u06cc\u0648\u0679 \u0679\u0648\u0646\u06a9 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0646\u0633\u062e\u06c1 \u0646\u0645\u0628\u0631  <\/span>1245 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4\u0688\u0627\u06a9\u0679\u0631 \u0634\u0627\u06c1 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u06d2 \u0633\u0627\u0644 2000 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0627\u0633 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u06a9\u0648 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u06c1 \u0648 \u062a\u0635\u062d\u06cc\u062d \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u06a9\u06cc\u0627 \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u06c1 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0627\u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u06d2 \u06a9\u0627 \u0630\u06a9\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u062a\u0627 \u06c1\u06d2 \u062c\u0648 \u0634\u0627\u06c1 \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u06c1 \u062a\u06be\u0627\u06d4 2011 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0634\u0627\u06c1 \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 \u0646\u06d2 \u0627\u0633 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u06a9\u0627 \u0627\u0631\u062f\u0648 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u06c1 \u0628\u06be\u06cc \u06a9\u06cc\u0627 \u062c\u0648 \u0642\u0648\u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0648\u0646\u0633\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0626\u06d2 \u0641\u0631\u0648\u063a \u0627\u0631\u062f\u0648 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u06a9 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0633\u0627\u062a\u06be \u0645\u06a9\u062a\u0628\u06c1 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u06c1 \u0633\u06d2 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u067e\u0631 \u0627\u0653\u06cc\u0627\u06d422\u060e<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>16      <\/span> \u0628\u06c1\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644: \u0644\u06a9\u06be\u0646\u0648\u0654 \u06a9\u06cc \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0648\u06ba \u06a9\u06cc \u062a\u0641\u0635\u06cc\u0644\u0627\u062a \u067e\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u06cc \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u06c1 \u06c1\u06d2 \u062c\u0633\u06d2 \u0642\u0627\u0636\u06cc \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642 \u062e\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631 \u0646\u06d2 \u2019\u0633\u06c1 \u0646\u062b\u0631 \u0638\u06c1\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u2018  <\/span>\u06a9\u06d2 \u0637\u0631\u0632 \u067e\u0631 \u062a\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0641 \u06a9\u06cc\u0627 \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u06cc\u06c1 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u06c1 7 \u0627\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u067e\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u06c1\u06d2 \u062c\u0633 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0644\u06a9\u06be\u0646\u0648\u0654 \u06a9\u06cc \u0645\u0634\u06c1\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a \u2019\u0628\u0627\u0631\u06c1 \u062f\u0631\u06cc\u2018 \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0633 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0627\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0628\u0627\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0636 \u06a9\u06cc \u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u0648 \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u06cc\u0627 \u06af\u06cc\u0627 \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u06d2 \u06a9\u06d2 \u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u06c1 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0645\u0648\u0654\u0644\u0641 \u0646\u06d2 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0633\u0639\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0639\u0644\u06cc \u062e\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u062c\u0646\u06af \u06a9\u06cc \u0645\u062f\u062d \u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u06cc \u06a9\u06cc \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 16\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u067e\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u06c1\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u06a9 \u0642\u0644\u0645\u06cc \u0646\u0633\u062e\u06c1\u060c \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06c1 65\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0654\u0631\u062e\u06c1 17 \u0630\u06cc\u0642\u0639\u062f\u06c1 1245\u06be \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u06c1\u0646\u062f\u0648 \u06cc\u0648\u0646\u06cc\u0648\u0631\u0633\u0679\u06cc \u06a9\u06cc \u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632\u06cc \u0644\u0627\u0626\u0628\u0631\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u0631\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u0633\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u06d2 \u0627\u0633 \u06a9\u0627 \u0639\u06a9\u0633 \u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u06a9\u0631 \u0644\u06cc\u0627 \u06c1\u06d2 \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0646 \u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u06c1 \u0639\u0646\u0642\u0631\u06cc\u0628 \u0628\u06c1\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0642\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0642\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0644\u06cc\u06d2 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u0628 \u06c1\u0648\u06af\u0627\u06d4 23\u060e<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>17      <\/span> \u0628\u0631\u06c1\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0648\u062f\u06be: \u0633\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u0646\u06d2 1258\u06be\/ 1842-43 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0627\u0633 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u06a9\u0648 \u0645\u06a9\u0645\u0644 \u06a9\u06cc\u0627\u06d4 \u0645\u0648\u0644\u0648\u06cc \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 \u0645\u0631\u0632\u0627 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0633\u06d2 \u062a\u06be\u06d2 \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0632\u0627 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0633\u06d2 \u062e\u0637 \u0648 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0628\u06be\u06cc \u06a9\u06cc\u0627 \u06a9\u0631\u062a\u06d2 \u062a\u06be\u06d2\u06d4 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0646\u06d2 \u0627\u0646\u06be\u06cc\u06ba\u2019 \u0645\u06c1\u0631 \u0646\u06cc\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0632\u2018 \u06c1\u062f\u06cc\u06c1 \u06a9\u06cc \u062a\u06be\u06cc\u06d4 <\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

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<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>18      <\/span> \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e: \u0627\u0648\u062f\u06be \u06a9\u06cc \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u06c1\u06d2 \u062c\u0633\u06d2 \u0641\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u06c1 \u0631\u062a\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u06af\u06be \u0632\u062e\u0645\u06cc \u0646\u06d2 \u062a\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0641 \u06a9\u06cc\u0627 \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u0632\u062e\u0645\u06cc \u0646\u06d2 \u0627\u0633 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u06a9\u0648 12 \u0627\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0645\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u06a9\u06cc\u0627 \u06c1\u06d2 \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0633 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u06cc \u0634\u0627\u06c1 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0639\u06c1\u062f \u062a\u06a9 \u06a9\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u062f\u0631\u062c \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u06a9\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u06a9 \u0642\u0644\u0645\u06cc \u0646\u0633\u062e\u06c1 \u0646\u0645\u0628\u0631  <\/span><\/span>OR:1876<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0679\u0634 \u0645\u06cc\u0648\u0632\u06cc\u0645 \u0644\u0627\u0626\u0628\u0631\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u0632\u062e\u0645\u06cc \u0646\u06d2 \u06cc\u06c1 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u06c1 \u06c1\u0646\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u0679 (<\/span>Henry Elliot) <\/span>\u06a9\u0648 \u06c1\u062f\u06cc\u06c1 \u06a9\u06cc\u0627 \u062a\u06be\u0627\u06d4 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u06a9\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0633\u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u06c1 \u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0653\u0632\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0631\u0628\u06a9 \u067e\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u06cc\u0633\u0631\u0686 \u0627\u0646\u0633\u0679\u06cc \u0679\u06cc\u0648\u0679 \u0679\u0648\u0646\u06a9 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0628\u06c1 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06c1 1247 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u0688\u0627\u06a9\u0679\u0631 \u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631 \u062d\u0633\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u06d2 \u0627\u067e\u0646\u06cc \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u2019\u0631\u0627\u062c\u06c1 \u0631\u062a\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u06af\u06be \u0632\u062e\u0645\u06cc: \u062d\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a\u2018 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0627\u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0642\u0644\u0645\u06cc \u0646\u0633\u062e\u06d2 \u06a9\u06cc \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631\u06c1 \u06a9\u06cc\u0627 \u06c1\u06d2 \u062c\u0648 \u0679\u06cc\u06af\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u0626\u0628\u0631\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0644\u06a9\u06be\u0646\u0648\u0654 \u06a9\u06cc \u0645\u0644\u06a9\u06cc\u062a \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 25\u060e<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>19      <\/span> \u0627\u0639\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u06cc\u0631:\u067e\u0648\u0631\u0646 \u0686\u0646\u062f \u0646\u06d2 \u0627\u0633 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u06a9\u0648 1267\u06be\/1850-51 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u062a\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0641 \u06a9\u06cc\u0627 \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u06c1 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0645\u0648\u0654\u0644\u0641 \u0646\u06d2 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u06a9\u06cc\u0627 \u06c1\u06d2 \u06a9\u06c1 \u06cc\u06c1 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u2019\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u06cc\u0631\u2018 \u06a9\u06cc \u062a\u0644\u062e\u06cc\u0635 \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u0633\u06cc \u0627\u06d2 \u0627\u0633\u0679\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u06d2 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0646\u0688\u06cc\u0627 \u0627\u0653\u0641\u0633 \u0644\u0627\u0626\u0628\u0631\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0627\u0633 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u06a9\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u06c1 \u0628\u06c1 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06c1 3886 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u06be\u0627 \u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u0633\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u06a9\u0648 \u0627\u0633 \u06a9\u0627 \u06a9\u0648\u0626\u06cc \u0633\u0631\u0627\u063a \u0646\u06c1\u06cc\u06ba \u0645\u0644\u0627\u06d4 26\u060e<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>20      <\/span> \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u06a9\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u062a: \u0627\u0648\u062f\u06be \u06a9\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u06c1\u06d2 \u062c\u0633\u06d2 \u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062c\u06cc \u0641\u0631\u0632\u0646\u062f \u0633\u06cc\u062a\u0644 \u067e\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f \u0646\u06d2 1270\u06be\/ 1853-54 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u062a\u062d\u0631\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u06cc\u0627 \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u0645\u0648\u0654\u0644\u0641 \u0646\u06d2 \u0627\u0633 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u0648 \u062d\u06a9\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u06cc \u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u06cc\u0627 \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u0631\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u0633\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u06a9\u0648 \u0627\u0633 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u06cc\u06a9 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u06d2 \u06a9\u0627 \u0633\u0631\u0627\u063a \u0645\u0644\u0627 \u06c1\u06d2 \u062c\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u0688\u06cc\u0627 \u0627\u0653\u0641\u0633 \u0644\u0627\u0626\u0628\u0631\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0628\u06c1 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06c1 3902 \u0645\u062d\u0641\u0648\u0638 \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 27\u060e<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>21      <\/span>  <\/span>\u0642\u06cc\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e: \u0633\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u06cc\u0646 \u062d\u06cc\u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0633\u0646\u06cc \u062d\u0633\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0646\u06cc \u0637\u0628\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0628\u06c1\u2019\u0633\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 \u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u2018 \u06a9\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0641 \u06c1\u06d2 \u062c\u0633 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0627\u0648\u062f\u06be \u06a9\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u0627\u0653\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0633\u06d2 1273\u06be\/ 1856-57 \u062a\u06a9 \u062b\u0628\u062a \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u06cc\u06c1 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u062f\u0648 \u062c\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u0646\u0686 \u0627\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u067e\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u067e\u06c1\u0644\u06d2 \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0631\u06c1\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u06a9 \u0628\u06c1\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0627\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u060c\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628  <\/span>\u0627\u0645\u062c\u062f \u0639\u0644\u06cc \u0634\u0627\u06c1 (\u062d\u06a9: 1842 \u062a\u0627 1847) \u06a9\u06d2 \u0639\u06c1\u062f \u062a\u06a9\u060c \u062f\u0648\u0633\u0631\u06d2 \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0639\u0644\u06cc \u0634\u0627\u06c1 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0639\u06c1\u062f \u06a9\u06d2 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u06cc \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062a\u06cc\u0633\u0631\u06d2 \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0645\u0631\u0632\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u062c\u06cc\u0633 \u0642\u062f\u0631 (\u062d\u06a9: 1857 \u062a\u0627 1858) \u06a9\u06cc \u0686\u0646\u062f \u0631\u0648\u0632\u06c1 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0646\u062a\u060c \u0686\u0648\u062a\u06be\u06d2 \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0645\u0631\u0632\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u06cc \u0639\u06c1\u062f \u06a9\u06cc \u06a9\u0644\u06a9\u062a\u06c1 \u0633\u06d2 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06af\u06cc \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u062a\u060c \u067e\u0627\u0646\u0686\u0648\u06cc\u06ba \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba  <\/span>\u0634\u0627\u06c1\u062c\u06c1\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0653\u0628\u0627\u062f \u06a9\u06cc \u0628\u063a\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0648\u0631  <\/span>\u0628\u06c1\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0634\u0627\u06c1 \u0638\u0641\u0631 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0631\u0646\u06af\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0642\u06cc\u062f \u06c1\u0648\u0646\u06d2 \u06a9\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 <\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

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<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>24      <\/span>\u0627\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0631\u06c1\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u06a9 \u0648\u063a\u06cc\u0631\u06c1: \u0627\u0633 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0686\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u06cc \u0631\u06c1 \u06af\u0626\u06d2 \u06c1\u06cc\u06ba \u062c\u0633 \u06a9\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0646\u0688\u06cc\u0627 \u0627\u0653\u0641\u0633 \u0644\u0627\u0626\u0628\u0631\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u06cc \u0641\u06c1\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0628\u06c1 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06c1 (14) 527 \u0645\u0644\u062a\u0627 \u06c1\u06d2\u06d431\u060e<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>1        <\/span> \u0645\u062b\u0646\u0648\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u0633\u0639\u0627\u062f\u062a: 52 \u0627\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u067e\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u06cc \u0627\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062e\u0634 \u0628\u06cc\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u06cc \u062a\u0635\u0646\u06cc\u0641 \u06c1\u06d2 \u062c\u0633 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0633\u0639\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0639\u0644\u06cc \u062e\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0627\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0648 \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u06cc\u0627 \u06af\u06cc\u0627 \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u0627\u0633 \u0645\u062b\u0646\u0648\u06cc \u06a9\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u06a9 \u0646\u0627\u0642\u0635 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u06c1 48359 \u0627\u0645\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u06c1 \u067e\u0628\u0644\u06a9 \u0644\u0627\u0626\u0628\u0631\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0644\u06a9\u06be\u0646\u0648\u0654 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u06c1\u06d2 \u062c\u0633 \u067e\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0654\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0648\u062f\u06be \u06a9\u06cc \u0645\u06c1\u0631 \u062b\u0628\u062a \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u0688\u0627\u06a9\u0679\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0641\u0631 \u0646\u06d2 \u0627\u0633 \u0645\u062b\u0646\u0648\u06cc \u06a9\u0627 \u0627\u0631\u062f\u0648 \u0646\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u06c1 \u06a9\u06cc\u0627 \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0644 2000 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u062f\u06c1\u0644\u06cc \u0633\u06d2 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u06a9\u06cc\u0627 \u06c1\u06d2\u06d433\u060e<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>2        <\/span> \u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0627\u0645\u06c1: \u0627\u0633 \u0645\u062b\u0646\u0648\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u06cc \u062e\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0633\u0639\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0639\u0644\u06cc \u062e\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632 \u062c\u0646\u06af \u06a9\u06cc \u062a\u062e\u062a \u0646\u0634\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u06a9\u0648 \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u06cc\u0627 \u06af\u06cc\u0627 \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u0628\u06c1\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u0626\u0628\u0631\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0627\u0633 \u0645\u062b\u0646\u0648\u06cc \u06a9\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u06a9 \u0642\u0644\u0645\u06cc \u0646\u0633\u062e\u06c1 423\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0654\u0631\u062e\u06c1 1316\u06be \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0653\u0632\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0631\u0628\u06a9 \u067e\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u06cc\u0633\u0631\u0686 \u0627\u0646\u0633\u0679\u06cc \u0679\u06cc\u0648\u0679 \u0679\u0648\u0646\u06a9 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0646\u0633\u062e\u06c1 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06c1: 1235\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0654\u0631\u062e\u06c1 1215\u06be \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 24\u060e<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>3        <\/span> \u0627\u0653\u0635\u0641 \u0646\u0627\u0645\u06c1: \u0627\u0633 \u0645\u062b\u0646\u0648\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0653\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u06c1 \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u063a\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062e\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u06cc \u062c\u0646\u06af \u06a9\u0648 \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u06cc\u0627 \u06af\u06cc\u0627 \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u0645\u0648\u0654\u0644\u0641 \u06a9\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635\u2019\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646\u2018 \u06c1\u06d2 \u062c\u0633 \u06a9\u06cc \u0634\u06c1\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0635\u0631\u0639\u0648\u06ba \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0645\u0644\u062a\u06cc \u06c1\u06d2 \u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0654\u0644\u0641 \u06a9\u0627 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u06c1\u06cc\u06ba \u067e\u062a\u0627 \u0686\u0644 \u0633\u06a9\u0627\u06d4  <\/span>\u0628\u064f\u06c1\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u0626\u0628\u0631\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0627\u0633 \u0645\u062b\u0646\u0648\u06cc \u06a9\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u06c1 \u0628\u06c1 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06c1 421\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u0627\u06cc\u06a9 \u062f\u0648\u0633\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u06c1 \u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0653\u0632\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0631\u0628\u06a9 \u067e\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u06cc\u0633\u0631\u0686 \u0627\u0646\u0633\u0679\u06cc \u0679\u06cc\u0648\u0679 \u0679\u0648\u0646\u06a9 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0628\u06be\u06cc \u0628\u06c1 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06c1 1231 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u0627\u0633 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u06d2 \u067e\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0633\u0644\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u06c1 (\u062d\u06a9: 1827 \u062a\u0627 1837)\u060c \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0645\u062c\u062f \u0639\u0644\u06cc \u0634\u0627\u06c1 \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0639\u0644\u06cc \u0634\u0627\u06c1 \u06a9\u06cc \u0645\u06c1\u0631 \u062b\u0628\u062a \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 35\u060e<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>4        <\/span> \u0645\u062b\u0646\u0648\u06cc \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u062c\u0646\u06af:  <\/span>\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0631\u0641\u0639\u062a \u0628\u06be\u0648\u067e\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0641\u0631\u0632\u0646\u062f \u0634\u06cc\u062e \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u06a9\u06cc \u0645\u062b\u0646\u0648\u06cc \u06c1\u06d2 \u062c\u0633\u06d2 \u0627\u0646\u06be\u0648\u06ba \u0646\u06d2 \u0631\u0627\u062c\u06c1 \u062c\u06d2 \u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0646\u06af\u06be \u06a9\u06cc \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u06c1\u0634 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645 \u06a9\u06cc\u0627\u06d4 \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0627\u0633 \u0645\u062b\u0646\u0648\u06cc \u06a9\u06d2 \u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u06a9\u0627 \u0630\u06a9\u0631 \u0646\u06c1\u06cc\u06ba \u0645\u0644\u062a\u0627\u06d4 \u0688\u0627\u06a9\u0679\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0646\u0648\u0634\u0627\u06c1\u06cc \u0646\u06d2 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u06cc \u0628\u0646\u0627 \u067e\u0631 \u0627\u0633 \u06a9\u0627 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u2019\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u062c\u0646\u06af\u2018 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u06cc\u0627 \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u0627\u0633 \u0645\u062b\u0646\u0648\u06cc \u06a9\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u06a9 \u0646\u0627\u0642\u0635 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u06c1 \u0646\u06cc\u0634\u0646\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u0648\u0632\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0686\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0628\u06c1 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06c1 <\/span>N.M.1968-77<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 36\u060e<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>5        <\/span> \u0645\u062b\u0646\u0648\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u0642\u06cc\u0635\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u0633\u0645\u0651\u06cc \u0628\u06c1\u2019  <\/span>\u0628\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0648\u062f\u06be\u2018:  <\/span>\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0636\u06cc\u063a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u06c1 \u0633\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u06c1\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0636\u06cc\u063a\u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u06cc \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645 \u06a9\u0631\u062f \u06c1 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u06cc \u0645\u062b\u0646\u0648\u06cc \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u0627\u0633 \u0645\u062b\u0646\u0648\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u0627\u0648\u062f\u06be \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0631\u06c1\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u06a9 \u0633\u0639\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0639\u0644\u06cc \u062e\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0639\u06c1\u062f \u0633\u06d2 \u0634\u0627\u06c1\u0632\u0627\u062f\u06c1 \u0628\u0631\u062c\u06cc\u0633 \u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u06cc\u06af\u0645 \u062d\u0636\u0631\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0644(\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u06cc: 1820) \u06a9\u06d2 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06d2 \u062a\u06a9 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c \u06a9\u06cc\u06d2 \u06af\u0626\u06d2 \u06c1\u06cc\u06ba\u06d4 \u0645\u062b\u0646\u0648\u06cc \u06a9\u06d2 \u0627\u0653\u062e\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0645\u0648\u0654\u0644\u0641 \u0646\u06d2 \u0627\u067e\u0646\u06d2 \u0627\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u062f\u0634\u0627\u06c1 \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0644\u062f\u06cc\u0646 \u0634\u0627\u06c1 \u0642\u0627\u0686\u0627\u0631 (\u062d\u06a9: 1848 \u062a\u0627 1896) \u06a9\u06d2 \u0627\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u067e\u0646\u06d2 \u0633\u0641\u0631 \u06a9\u0631\u0628\u0644\u0627 \u06a9\u0648 \u0628\u06be\u06cc \u062c\u06af\u06c1 \u062f\u06cc \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u06cc\u06c1 \u0645\u062b\u0646\u0648\u06cc \u0686\u0627\u067e \u0633\u0646\u06af\u06cc \u06a9\u06cc \u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba 1308\u06be\/ 1890\u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0638\u06c1\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0644\u06a9\u06be\u0646\u0648\u0654 \u0633\u06d2 \u0686\u06be\u067e \u0686\u06a9\u06cc \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 37\u060e<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>6         <\/span>\u0645\u062d\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e: \u0634\u06cc\u0648 \u067e\u0631\u062f\u06be\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06c1\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062c\u06c1 \u062c\u06d2 \u06af\u0648\u067e\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0646\u06af\u06be \u0628\u06c1\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0628\u06c1 \u062b\u0627\u0642\u0628 \u06a9\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0641 \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u0627\u0633 \u0645\u062b\u0646\u0648\u06cc \u06a9\u0627  <\/span>\u0627\u06cc\u06a9 \u0642\u0644\u0645\u06cc \u0646\u0633\u062e\u06c1 \u0645\u0648\u0654\u0631\u062e\u06c1 1304\u06be \u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u0626\u0628\u0631\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0628\u06c1 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06c1 2172 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 38\u060e<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

\u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u06c1<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u06c1 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u06cc\u06c1 \u06a9\u06c1 \u0633\u0631\u0632\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0648\u062f\u06be \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u0646\u06af\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u06a9 \u0634\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u06cc\u062a \u0631\u06c1\u06cc \u06c1\u06d2 \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0633 \u06a9\u0627 \u0628\u06cc\u0634 \u0628\u06c1\u0627 \u0633\u0631\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u06c1 \u062f\u0646\u06cc\u0627 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u06a9\u062a\u0628 \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0648\u06ba \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0642\u0644\u0645\u06cc \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0648\u06ba \u06a9\u06cc \u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u0645\u0630\u06a9\u0648\u0631\u06c1 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u06cc \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0648\u06ba \u06a9\u06d2 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u06c1\u060c \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0641\u06c1\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u06a9\u06cc \u0645\u062f\u062f \u0633\u06d2 \u0627\u0633 \u0635\u0648\u0628\u06d2 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0644\u06a9\u06be\u06cc \u06af\u0626\u06cc \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u06be\u06cc \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u06a9\u0648 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0634 \u06a9\u06cc\u0627 \u062c\u0627 \u0633\u06a9\u062a\u0627 \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u06cc\u06c1 \u0628\u0627\u062a \u0628\u06be\u06cc \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0630\u06a9\u0631 \u06c1\u06d2 \u06a9\u06c1 \u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0633\u06d2 \u06a9\u0686\u06be \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u06a9\u06cc \u062a\u0635\u062d\u06cc\u062d \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0627\u0653 \u0686\u06a9\u06cc \u06c1\u06d2 \u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u0646 \u0627\u0628\u06be\u06cc \u0628\u06be\u06cc \u0642\u0644\u0645\u06cc \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0648\u06ba \u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u06a9 \u0628\u0691\u06cc \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0642\u0642\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u062c\u06c1 \u06a9\u06cc \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u06cc \u06c1\u06d2 \u06a9\u06c1 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u06cc\u06ba\u0631\u06cc\u0633\u0631\u0686 \u0627\u0633\u06a9\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0632 \u06a9\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u062c\u06c1 \u062a\u0635\u062d\u06cc\u062d \u0648 \u062a\u062f\u0648\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u06cc \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u0628\u0630\u0648\u0644 \u06a9\u06cc \u062c\u0627\u0626\u06d2 \u062a\u0627 \u06a9\u06c1 \u06c1\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0639\u0644\u0645\u06cc \u0648 \u0627\u062f\u0628\u06cc \u0648\u0631\u0627\u062b\u062a \u06a9\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u0627\u0628\u06cc \u0645\u0645\u06a9\u0646 \u06c1\u0648 \u0633\u06a9\u06d2\u06d4 <\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u06d2<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>1        <\/span><\/span>British Museum, Vol. III, p. 909-910, Elliot, Vol. VIII, pp. 255-256.<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>2        <\/span><\/span>British Museum, Vol. I, p. 131;<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>3        <\/span> \u0641\u0631\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631\u06cc\u0646\u060c\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u06c1\u060c \u0635 15-38 <\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>4        <\/span><\/span>British Museum, Vol. III, p. 912-913.<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>5        <\/span><\/span>British Museum, Vol. III, p. 913.<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>6        <\/span><\/span>British Museum, Vol. II, p. 946, 1026. <\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>7        <\/span><\/span>British Museum, Vol. II, p. 914, 1014;<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>8        <\/span> \u0641\u06c1\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0646\u0633\u062e\u06c1 \u06c1\u0627\u0626\u06d2 \u062e\u0637\u06cc \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc\u060c \u0635 745-46<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>9        <\/span>\u0641\u06c1\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0646\u0633\u062e\u06c1 \u06c1\u0627\u0626\u06d2 \u062e\u0637\u06cc \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0646\u06c1 \u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0631\u0627\u0645\u067e\u0648\u0631\u060c \u062c 1\u060c \u0635611<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>10      <\/span>\u0632\u06cc\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u060c \u0635 3\u06d4<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>11      <\/span><\/span>Mughals in India: A Bibliographical Survey, Vol. 1, p. 532;  <\/span>Persian Literature: A Bio-bibliographical Survey, Section II, p. 625; Catalogue of the Oriental Manuscripts in the Library of Eton College, p. 24. <\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>12      <\/span><\/span>A Descriptive Catalogue of the Persian Manuscripts (Tonk), Vol. III, p. 256; Catalogue of the Persian Manuscripts in the British Museum, Vol. III, pp. 960-961; <\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>13      <\/span>\u0641\u06c1\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0646\u0633\u062e\u06c1 \u06c1\u0627\u0626\u06d2 \u062e\u0637\u06cc \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc\u060c \u062c 6\u060c \u0635 458\u06d4<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>14      <\/span><\/span>Persian Literature: A Bio-bibliographical Survey, Section II, Fasciculus III, p. 705; Catalogue of Persian Manuscripts in the British Museum, Vol. III, pp. 960-961;<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>15      <\/span>\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0627\u0653\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0686\u0627\u067e \u0634\u062f\u06c1 \u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0628\u06c1 \u0642\u0627\u0631\u06c1\u060c \u062c 4\u060c \u0635 1742\u061b \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u0627\u0653\u0635\u0641\u06cc (\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0648) \u0635\u0635 16-17\u06d4<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>16      <\/span><\/span>Catalogue of Persian Manuscripts in the British Museum, Vol. I, pp. 309-310; Concise Descriptive Catalogue of the Persian Manuscripts in the Collection of the Royal Asiatic Society of Bengal, p. 56; History of India as told by its own historians, Vol. VIII, p. 354.<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>17      <\/span><\/span>Catalogue of the Arabic and Persian Manuscripts in the Oriental Public Library at Bankipore, Vol. VII, pp. 133-135. <\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>18      <\/span>\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0627\u0653\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0686\u0627\u067e \u0634\u062f\u06c1 \u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0628\u06c1 \u0642\u0627\u0631\u06c1\u060c \u062c 4\u060c \u0635 2\u061b \u062d\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u060c \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06c1\u060c \u062c\u0644\u062f 46\u060c \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06c1 <\/span>\u06f1<\/span>\u060c \u0635 6-8\u060c \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0631\u06cc 1925\u06d4 <\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>19      <\/span><\/span>Catalogue of Persian Manuscripts in the British Museum, Vol. I, pp. 309-310; Vol. III, p. 1026; Persian Literature: A Bio-bibliographical Survey, Section II, Fasciculus III, pp. 706- 707; A Descriptive Catalogue of the Persian Manuscripts (Tonk), Vol. III, p. 257. <\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>20      <\/span><\/span>A Descriptive Catalogue of the Persian Manuscripts (Tonk), Vol. III, p. 259; <\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>21      <\/span>\u0641\u06c1\u0631\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u062a\u0628 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u06cc \u0648 \u0627\u0631\u062f\u0648 \u0648 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u0632\u0648\u0646\u06c1 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0646\u06c1 \u0627\u0653\u0635\u0641\u06cc\u06c1 \u0633\u0631\u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u060c \u062c 3\u060c \u0635 112\u06d4<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>22      <\/span><\/span>A Descriptive Catalogue of the Persian Manuscripts (Tonk), Vol. III, p. 259.<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>23      <\/span><\/span>A Descriptive Catalogue of the Persian, urdu and Arabic Manuscripts in the Punjab University Library, Vol. I, Fasciculus I, pp. 124-125. <\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>24      <\/span><\/span>A Descriptive Catalogue of the Persian Manuscripts in the Salar Jung Museum & Library, Vol. 1, pp. 518-519; Catalogue of the Persian Manuscripts in the British Museum, Vol. III, p. 961; <\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>25      <\/span>\u0641\u06c1\u0631\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u062a\u0628 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u06cc \u0648 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0648 \u0627\u0631\u062f\u0648 \u0645\u062e\u0632\u0648\u0646\u06c1 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0646\u06c1 \u0627\u0653\u0635\u0641\u06cc\u06c1 \u0633\u0631\u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u060c \u062c 3\u060c \u0635 112\u06d4<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>26      <\/span><\/span>A Descriptive Catalogue of Persian, Urdu & Arabic Manuscripts in the Punjab University Library, Vol. I, p. 99; Catalogue of the Arabic and Persian Manuscripts in the Oriental Public Library at Bankipore, Vol. VII, pp. 152-154. <\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>27      <\/span><\/span>Catalogue of the Arabic and Persian Manuscripts in the Oriental Public Library at Bankipore, Vol. VII, pp. 135-136; A Descriptive Catalogue of the Persian Manuscripts (Tonk), Vol. III, p. 259. <\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>28      <\/span><\/span>Catalogue of Persian Manuscripts, (Raza Library Rampur), Vol. I, p. 635; A Descriptive Catalogue of the Persian Manuscripts (Tonk), Vol. III, p. 259.<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>29      <\/span><\/span>A Descriptive Catalogue of the Persian Manuscripts in the Banaras Hindu University Library, p. 13. <\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>30      <\/span>\u0628\u0631\u06c1\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0648\u062f\u06be\u060c (\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u06c1)\u060c \u0635\u0635 \u0644\u06d4\u0645<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>31      <\/span>\u0631\u0627\u062c\u06c1 \u0631\u062a\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u06af\u06be \u0632\u062e\u0645\u06cc: \u062d\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0635 218<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>32      <\/span><\/span>Persian Literature: A Bio-bibliographical Survey, Section II, Fasciculus III, p. 711.<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>33      <\/span><\/span>Persian Literature: A Bio-bibliographical Survey, Section II, Fasciculus III, p. 711.<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>34      <\/span><\/span>Catalogue of the Persian Manuscripts in the British Museum, Vol. III, p. 962; Persian Literature: A Bio-bibliographical Survey, Section II, Fasciculus III, p. 711.<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>35      <\/span>\u0628\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646  <\/span>\u0627\u0648\u062f\u06be\u060c \u0635 3-4<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>36      <\/span>\u0648\u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u06c1\u060c \u0635 16-17<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>37      <\/span><\/span>Catalogue of Persian Manuscripts in the Library of the India Office, p. 210; Persian Literature: A Bio-bibliographical Survey, Section II, Fasciculus III, p. 713.<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>38      <\/span><\/span>A Descriptive Catalogue of the Persian, Urdu and Arabic Manuscripts in the Punjab University Library, Vol. I, Fasciculus I, p. 124; A Descriptive Catalogue of the Persian Manuscripts (Tonk), Vol. III, p. 257. <\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>39      <\/span>\u0641\u06c1\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0631\u0628\u06cc\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0648 \u0627\u0631\u062f\u0648 (\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u06c1 \u067e\u0628\u0644\u06a9 \u0644\u0627\u0626\u0628\u0631\u06cc\u0631\u06cc)\u060c \u0635 1\u06d4 <\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>40      <\/span><\/span>Catalogue of the Persian Manuscripts in the Buhar Library, Vol. I, p. 305; A Descriptive Catalogue of the Persian Manuscripts (Tonk), Vol. III, p. 257. <\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>41      <\/span><\/span>Catalogue of the Persian Manuscripts in the Buhar Library, Vol. I, p. 304.<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>42      <\/span>\u0641\u06c1\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0646\u0633\u062e\u06c1 \u06c1\u0627\u0626\u06d2 \u062e\u0637\u0651\u06cc \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc\u060c \u0635 664\u06d4<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>43      <\/span>\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0627\u0653\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0686\u0627\u067e \u0634\u062f\u06c1 \u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0628\u06c1 \u0642\u0627\u0631\u06c1\u060c \u062c 4\u060c \u0635 2452-53<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>44      <\/span><\/span>Catalogue of Persian Manuscripts, (Rampur Raza Library), Vo. I, p. 643. <\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628\u06cc\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>1        <\/span>\u0627\u0635\u0641\u06c1\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0632\u0627 \u0627\u0628\u0648\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u060c \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u0627\u0653\u0635\u0641\u06cc (\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0648 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u06c1 \u062a\u0641\u0636\u06cc\u062d \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0641\u0644\u06cc\u0646) \u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645 \u062b\u0631\u0648\u062a \u0639\u0644\u06cc \u062e\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639 \u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u062f\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0631\u062f\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0631\u060c \u062f\u06c1\u0644\u06cc\u060c 1968<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>2        <\/span> \u0627\u0645\u06cc\u0631\u060c \u0633\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u06c1\u060c \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u060c \u06a9\u0627\u0646\u067e\u0648\u0631\u060c1876 <\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>3        <\/span> \u067e\u0633\u0631\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u060c\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0641\u0631\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631\u06cc\u0646\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u06c1 \u0648 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u06c1 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0641\u06cc\u0633\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u06cc\u0648\u0628 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u06cc\u06d4<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>4        <\/span> \u062d\u0633\u06cc\u0646\u060c \u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631\u060c \u0631\u0627\u062c\u06c1 \u0631\u062a\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u06af\u06be \u0632\u062e\u0645\u06cc: \u062d\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0646\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u0646\u0679\u0646\u06af \u067e\u0631\u06cc\u0633\u060c \u0644\u06a9\u06be\u0646\u0648\u0654\u060c 2019<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>5        <\/span> \u0633\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u060c \u0628\u0631\u06c1\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0648\u062f\u06be\u060c\u0628\u06c1 \u062a\u0635\u062d\u06cc\u062d \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u06cc\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc\u060c \u0639\u0644\u06cc \u06af\u0691\u06be \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u06cc\u0648\u0646\u06cc\u0648\u0631\u0633\u0679\u06cc\u060c 2019<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>6        <\/span> \u0642\u0648\u06cc\u060c \u06a9\u0645\u0646\u062f\u060c \u062d\u0634\u0645\u062a\u060c \u0641\u06c1\u0631\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u062a\u0628 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u06cc \u0648 \u0627\u0631\u062f\u0648 \u0648 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u0632\u0648\u0646\u06c1 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0646\u06c1 \u0627\u0653\u0635\u0641\u06cc\u06c1 \u0633\u0631\u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u060c \u062c 3\u060c \u062d\u06cc\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0653\u0628\u0627\u062f\u060c \u062f\u06a9\u0646\u060c 1332\u06be\u06d4 <\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>7        <\/span> \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0653\u0628\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0634\u0641\u06cc\u0642\u060c \u0641\u06c1\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0631\u0628\u06cc\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0648 \u0627\u0631\u062f\u0648 (\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0648\u0644\u06c1 \u067e\u0628\u0644\u06a9 \u0644\u0627\u0626\u0628\u0631\u06cc\u0631\u06cc)\u060c  <\/span>\u0688\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0646\u0688 \u067e\u0631\u0646\u0679\u0631\u0632\u060c \u062f\u06c1\u0644\u06cc\u060c2000\u06d4 <\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>8        <\/span> \u0645\u0644\u06a9 \u0627\u0644\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0634\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0632\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c \u0632\u06cc\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u060c\u0628\u06c1 \u062e\u0637 \u0645\u0631\u0632 \u0627 \u0645\u06c1\u062f\u06cc  <\/span>\u0634\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u060c \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639 \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0628\u0626\u06cc\u060c 1310\u06be\u06d4<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>9        <\/span> \u0645\u0646\u0632\u0648\u06cc\u060c \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c \u0641\u06c1\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0646\u0633\u062e\u06c1 \u06c1\u0627\u06d2 \u062e\u0637\u06cc \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc\u060c \u062c 6\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0654\u0633\u0633\u06c1\u0654 \u0641\u0631\u06c1\u0646\u06af\u06cc \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u06c1 \u06cc\u06cc\u060c \u062a\u06c1\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c 1353\u0634\u06d4 <\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>10      <\/span> \u0645\u0648\u0644\u0648\u06cc \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u06cc\u060c \u062d\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u060c \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06c1\u060c \u062c\u0644\u062f 46 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06c1 <\/span>\u06f1<\/span>\u060c \u0635 608\u060c \u06a9\u0627\u0646\u067e\u0648\u0631\u060c \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0631\u06cc 1925\u0621\u06d4 <\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>11      <\/span> \u0645\u06c1\u0631\u060c \u062f\u0631\u06af\u0627\u0631 \u067e\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646  <\/span>\u0627\u0648\u062f\u06be\u060c \u0628\u06c1 \u0627\u06c1\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u067e\u0646\u0688\u062a \u0628\u06cc\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062a\u06be \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u060c \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639 \u062b\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0644\u06a9\u06be\u0646\u0648\u0654\u060c 1881<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>12      <\/span> \u0646\u0648\u0634\u0627\u06c1\u06cc\u060c \u0633\u06cc\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641\u060c \u0641\u06c1\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0646\u0633\u062e\u06c1 \u06c1\u0627\u0626\u06d2 \u062e\u0637\u06cc \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u0632\u06c1\u0654 \u0645\u0644\u0651\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u06a9\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0686\u06cc\u060c \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u067e\u0627\u06a9\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u06c1 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u06a9\u062a\u0628\u06c1 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u06cc\u06c1\u060c \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0653\u0628\u0627\u062f\u060c 1983 <\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>13      <\/span> \u0646\u0648\u0634\u0627\u06c1\u06cc\u060c \u0633\u06cc\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641\u060c \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0627\u0653\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc\u06d4<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>14. <\/span>Abdullah, S. M, A Descriptive Catalogue of the Persian, Urdu and Arabic Manuscripts in the Punjab University Library, Vol. I, Fasciculus, I, Lahore, 1942.<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>15. <\/span>Abdul Moid Khan and Iftikharunnisa, A Descriptive Catalogue of the Persian Manuscripts (Tonk), Vol. III, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad Arabic Persian Research Institute, Tonk Rajasthan, 2006.<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>16. <\/span>Ashraf, Muhammad, A Descriptive Catalogue of the Persian Manuscripts in the Salar Jung Museum & Library, Vol. I, Hyderabad, 1965.<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>17. <\/span>Downson, John, History of India as told by its own historians, Edited From The Posthumous Paper of the late Sir H.M. Elliot, Vol. VIII,  <\/span>trubner & Co. London, 1877.<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>18. <\/span>Ethe, Herman, Catalogue of Persian Manuscripts in the Library of the India Office, (2 Vol.), Oxford, 1903-1937.<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>19. <\/span>Ishrat, Amrit Lal, A Descriptive Catalogue of Persian Manuscripts in the Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 1965. <\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>20. <\/span>Ivanow, Wladimir, Concise Descriptive Catalogue of the Persian Manuscripts in the Collection of the Royal Asiatic Society of Bengal, Asiatic Society Calcutta, 1928.<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>21. <\/span>Khan Saheb, Maulavi Abdul Muqtadir, Catalogue of the Arabic and Persian Manuscripts in the Oriental Public Library at Bankipore, Vol. VII, Patna, 1921.<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>22. <\/span>Margoliouth, D. S, Catalogue of the Oriental Manuscripts in the Library of Eton College, Oxford, 1904.<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>23. <\/span>Marshal, D. N, Mughals in India: A Bibliographical Survey, Vo. I, Asia  <\/span>Publishing House, Bombay, 1967.<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>24. <\/span>Radavi, Maulavi Qasim Hasir, Catalogue of the Persian Manuscripts in the Buhar Library, Vol. I, Revised and completed by Maulavi Abdul Muqtadir, Calcutta, 1921.<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>25. <\/span>Rieu, Charles, Catalogue of the Persian Manuscripts in the British Museum, Berlin, Vol. I, 1879, Vol. III, 1883. <\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>26. <\/span>Siddiqui, W. H, Catalogue of Perisan Manuscripts, Rampur Raza Library, Vol. I, 1996.<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>27. <\/span>Storey, Charles Ambrose, Persian Literature: A Bio-bibliographical Survey, Section II, Fasciculus I, II and III, Luzac & Co. London, 1939. <\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

Dr. Ansari Abdur Rahman<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>402, <\/span>S. Ansari Apartment, Behind Hazaria Transformer<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

Najgaon 2, Bhiwandi<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

Distt.: Thane – 421302 (Maharashtra)<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

Mob.: 9910673095<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

a.ansari27@yahoo.com<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

 \u0633\u06c1 \u0645\u0627\u06c1\u06cc \u0641\u06a9\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u060c \u0627\u067e\u0631\u06cc\u0644–\u062c\u0648\u06462024 \u062a\u0644\u062e\u06cc\u0635  \u06c1\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u0646\u06af\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u06a9 \u0634\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u06cc\u062a \u0631\u06c1\u06cc \u06c1\u06d2 \u062c\u0633 \u06a9\u0627 \u0627\u0653\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0637\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u06c1\u0644\u06cc \u06a9\u06d2 \u0639\u06c1\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u06c1\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u063a\u0644\u06cc\u06c1 \u0639\u06c1\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u0646\u06af\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0646\u06d2 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u06cc \u06a9\u06d2 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0637\u06d2 \u06a9\u06cc\u06d2\u06d4 \u0645\u063a\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u062f\u0634\u0627\u06c1\u0648\u06ba \u06a9\u06d2 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0648\u062f\u06be \u0646\u06d2 \u0628\u06be\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u0646\u06af\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u06cc \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0642\u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u06c1 \u062f\u06cc \u06c1\u06d2 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-131","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/urducouncil.nic.in\/ncpulblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/131","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/urducouncil.nic.in\/ncpulblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/urducouncil.nic.in\/ncpulblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/urducouncil.nic.in\/ncpulblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/urducouncil.nic.in\/ncpulblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=131"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/urducouncil.nic.in\/ncpulblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/131\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/urducouncil.nic.in\/ncpulblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=131"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/urducouncil.nic.in\/ncpulblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=131"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/urducouncil.nic.in\/ncpulblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=131"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}